For many geomechanical issues, the propagation of heat or fluids and their effect on stresses and deformations must be considered, e.g., in the case of

• Final disposal of heat-generating waste,
• Injection and withdrawal of gases in storage caverns,
• Assessment of the barrier integrity of final repositories and mines,
• possible extraction of brine from decomissioned caverns.

In these cases, thermo-mechanical (TM), hydro-mechanical (HM), or even fully thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled calculations may be necessary.